I-Encyclopedia yama-Ceramic Ball Valve Imvelaphi kanye Nentuthuko (Ingxenye II)

Imvelaphi Nentuthuko (Ingxenye II)

Kuqhubeke kusukela ku- "I-Encyclopedia of I-Ceramic Ball Valves – Imvelaphi Nentuthuko (Ingxenye I)”

3. Ukukhuphuka Kwamakhono AseShayina

(1990s - 2010s)

Eshumini lokuqala lekhulu lama-21, amabhizinisi aseShayina awazange ayeke ukulingisa. Kunalokho, eqhutshwa yimakethe yezimboni ekhula ngokushesha eShayina, enza ukwenza ngcono okuhlelekile kanye nokusungula izinto ezintshailungiselelwe izimo zokusebenza zendawo.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwe I-Ceramic Ball Valves yandiswa ngendlela ehlelekile—kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwasekuqaleniizimboni zokudaya i-chlor-alkali kanye nendwanguezindaweni ezinzima kakhulu ezifana igesi yokuhlanza i-flue (FGD), i-blast furnace pulverized coal injection (PCI), kanye Ukwelashwa Kwangaphambi Kwensimbi EshisayoNgenxa yezilinganiso eziphezulu zokusebenza kwezindleko kanye nensizakalo esheshayo, yasendaweni, ekhiqizwe ngaphakathi ezweni I-Ceramic Ball Valvekancane kancane kwathatha indawo yemikhiqizo engenisiwe emakethe yaseShayina. Lokhu kwaphawula ukugxuma okubalulekile ekubeni njekusebenzisekaukuba khona uthembeke kakhulu, bebeka isisekelo sobuholi obulandelayo kwezobuchwepheshe.

Inqubomgomo Yezemvelo Njengesihluthulelo

Cishe ngonyaka ka-2000, ukukhishwa kwe- "Impendulo YoMkhandlu Kahulumeni Ezindabeni Eziphathelene Nezindawo Zokulawula Imvula Ene-asidi kanye Nezindawo Zokulawula Ukungcola Kwe-Sulfur Dioxide"(UGuohan [1998] No. 5) wakubeka ngokusobala ukuthi:

• Okwakhiwe kabusha noma okufakwe kabusha ngamalahle anesibabule esiphezulu I-power plantkumele ifakwe izinsiza zokususa i-sulfur
• Amalahle akhona asebenza nge-sulfur ephezulu I-power plantkumele baqede ukufakwa kwe-FGD ngezigaba ngo-2010

Le nqubomgomo yabangela ukuvela okusheshayo komkhakha wobunjiniyela bokukhipha igesi e-flue eShayina. Izinkampani zobunjiniyela bezemvelo ezivelele zazihlanganisa UGuodian Longyuan, Wuhan Kaidi, CPI Yuanda Ukuvikelwa KwemveloI-Beijing Boqi, i-Fujian Longking, ne-Zhejiang Insigma, phakathi kwabanye.

Esigabeni sokuqala sokwakhiwa kwe-FGD (1998–2005), amaphakheji enqubo ye-FGD angenisiwe alawula imakethe, futhi ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic angenisiwe kanye nama-valve okulawula i-ceramic aba ukucushwa okujwayelekileAmanani abo aphezulu kakhulu awazange nje ashaqise abasebenzisi basekhaya kodwa futhi aveze nokuthi inani elisebenzayo kanye namathuba amakhulu emaketheama-valve ebhola le-ceramic.

Ngesikhathi se-“Eleventh Five-Year Plan” (2006–2010), ukususwa kwegesi yoketshezi kwaqaliswa ezweni lonke kulo lonke umkhakha wamandla okushisa waseShayina, kanti ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic angenisiwe asetshenziswa cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kuphela ngemva kokuqedwa kwezinhloso zokulungisa kabusha ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba zika-2010 lapho ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic akhiqizwe ngaphakathi aqala ukungena ezinhlelweni ze-FGD ngezinga elikhulu.

Izicelo Zokuqala Embonini Yensimbi

Ku- 2001, ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo ngempumelelo ku- Uhlelo lwe-Baosteel PCIngo-1998, Amavalvu ebhola le-ceramic e-Cera-System yaseJalimanezamukelwa yi- Izinhlelo ze-PCI ze-Chongqing Iron & SteelNgonyaka ofanayo, kwasetshenziswa ama-valve ebhola le-Cera-System ceramic ku- Izinqubo zokwenza insimbi ze-Ansteel kanye ne-Shaogang kagesi we-arc furnace (EAF), okubonisa ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kokuqala kwama-valve ebhola le-ceramic angeniswa embonini yensimbi yaseShayina.

Ukuthuthuka Kwama-Ceramic Control Ball Valve

Ku- 2003, Yantai Jintai Meilinyathuthukisa i-China yokuqala i-valve yebhola yokulawula ye-ceramic yangempelaNgokushesha yaba indawo ephelele yamavalvu angenisiwe achazwe kumaphakheji enqubo ye-FGD ezitshalweni zamandla okushisa. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu nokuthembeka, phakathi 2003 kanye no-2005, Ngaphezu kwe Izinhlobo ezingama-20 zama-valve angaphandleifune ukubambisana kwe-OEM ngalo mkhiqizo.

Ukwanda Embonini Yamakhemikhali Kasawoti

Ku- 2005, ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic asetshenziswe ku- uhlelo lwe-lime slurry lwe-Qingdao Soda Ash, ukufeza impilo yenkonzo Kude ngokuphindwe ka-6–10kunalawo amavalvu ensimbi angaphambilini. Ku 2006, Isitshalo se-Tianjin Alkalibalandela lokho, ngokushesha basayina izinkontileka zokuthenga. Ngemva kwalokho, Umlotha wesodafuthi Tangshan Sanyouama-valve ebhola le-ceramic amukelwe, okubangela ukwamukelwa okusheshayo embonini yamakhemikhali kasawoti.

Ingqalasizinda Yezimboni kanye Nezindinganiso

• Mashi 2005: I-Sichuan Green Fluid Control Equipment Co., Ltd., umkhiqizi oyedwa ogunyaziwe wama-valve e-GRV aseJalimane eShayina, wasungulwa. Ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic aba ngomunye wemigqa yawo eyinhloko yomkhiqizo.

• Septhemba 2005: Izinga lokuqala lomkhakha wamavalvu e-ceramic eShayina, JB/T 10529-2005 – Izimo Zobuchwepheshe Zamavalvu Avaliwe Nge-Ceramic, ikhishwe ngokusemthethweni.
• Okthoba 2005: UZhejiang MikwenI-Valve Co., Ltd.saqala ukucwaninga nokuthuthukisa kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamavalvu esango le-ceramic ngenhloso yokwenza amavalvu e-ceramic abe ngentengo ephansi. Ukukhiqizwa kwamavalvu ebhola le-ceramic kwaqala cishe ngo-2009-2010.

Ukungena Kwezimboni Eziningi

Eduze 2006, eqhutshwa abaphakeli bemishini, kwangena ama-valve ebhola e-ceramic akhiqizwe ngaphakathi UBaosteel noShagangizitshalo zensimbi. Izicelo zokulinga zaqala ngo- I-Xinan Silicone, futhi ngo 2009, amavalvu ebhola le-ceramic asetshenziswa yi Jiangsu Zhongneng, ngaleso sikhathi owayengumkhiqizi ohamba phambili we-polysilicon, okwaphawula ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo embonini yamakhemikhali e-silicon.

Ngawo lowo nyaka, izicelo eziphumelele zanda zaba ukucutshungulwa kwamaminerali, ukuphonswa, ukuncibilikisa, kanye ne-hydrometallurgy.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwe-Industrial Chain

• Septhemba 2007: I-Sunlord Electronicsithole iShenzhen CSG Structural Ceramics futhi yasungulwa I-Dongguan Xinbai Structural Ceramics Co., Ltd., ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kuma-valve ebhola le-ceramic.

• Septhemba 2007: I-Xiamen Shengzhong Ceramic Valve Technology Co., Ltd.yasungulwa yiJohncera Group ngokubambisana nabalingani baseTaiwan. Yaba enye yezinkampani ezimbalwa eShayina ezine- uchungechunge oluphelele lwemboni ye-ceramic, kusukela ekulungiseleleni i-powder kuya ekukhiqizweni kwama-valve.

• 2009: I-Hunan Jingcheng Special Ceramics Co., Ltd.Ngingene ekukhiqizweni kwama-valve ebhola le-ceramic, ngisebenzisa ulwazi kuma-liner e-ceramic namapayipi ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuguguleka nokugqwala ezimayini nasezinhlelweni zensimbi.

4. Ukungena ku-Fast Track

(Okwango-2010 – Okwamanje)

Ngokukhuphuka okusheshayo kwe ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali amalahleNgawo-2010, ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic angene esigabeni sokuthuthuka okusheshayo. Izimo zokusebenza ezinzima kakhulu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kokubili ekusebenzeni nasekufinyeleleni emakethe. Emasimini amaningana okusetshenziswa, ubuchwepheshe be-valve yebhola le-ceramic yaseShayina bufinyelele ushintsho olusezingeni eliphezulu—kusukela ekufinyeleleni phezulu kuya ekusebenzeni eceleni, futhi kwezinye izimo buhola emhlabeni jikelele.

Ku- 2010, Tianjin Shengkaiifakwe ohlwini ngempumelelo ku- I-NASDAQfuthi waqala uR&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamavalvu ebhola le-ceramic.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kobunjiniyela Bamakhemikhali Bamalahle

Eduze 2010–2011, I-China Shenhua Group yethule amaphrojekthi okuvuselela amalahle abe uketshezi kanye nezinsalela zamalahle e-Inner Mongolia naseNingxia. Yantai Jintai Meilinbangene kuphrojekthi ye-coal slag-to-alumina ngo-2011, baxazulula ukubambezeleka kokulethwa kwama-ceramic ball valve angenisiwe. Ngonyaka ofanayo, i-ceramic control ball valve yasebenza kahle kakhulu. Amavalvu okulawula insimbi ye-Fisher, kanye nesiJalimane UBurgmannkanye ne-American I-Argusamavalvu ebhola lensimbi aqinile, anweba impilo yesevisi kusukela Izinyanga ezi-6 kuya eminyakeni emi-2.

Le mpumelelo iholele ekutheni iShenhua Group imeme iJintai Meilin ukuthi ithuthukise ndawonye ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic angagugi, okwandisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwasekhaya kumaphrojekthi okusebenzisa amalahle abe uketshezi.

Impumelelo Yezobuchwepheshe Ephawulekayo

2012: I-Jintai Meilin (Yantai Kingway) yakha i-eyokuqala emhlabeni I-valve yebhola ye-ceramic engu-600 LB

Ngu- 2013, ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi yokuvivinywa nokuqinisekiswa, ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic asetshenziswa kabanzi e- Izinhlelo ze-PCI, izinhlelo ze-FGD, ukuphathwa komlotha, futhi ukwelashwa ngomlotha wezimpukaneNjengoba izinkampani zaseShayina ze-EPC zanda kwamanye amazwe, kwangena ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic Isinyathelo Sebhande Nomgwaqoamaphrojekthi.

Ngu- 2021, amavalvu ebhola le-ceramic aqashelwa ngokugcwele futhi asetshenziswa ngobuningi ku ukukhishwa kwe-lithium kusuka ku-spodumene kanye ne-brine, ukukhiqizwa kwesandulela se-cathode, futhi i-hydrometallurgy, ngokuvamile kanye amapayipi e-ceramic agcwele.

2013

Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kweshumi yokukhushulwa, izicelo zokuhlola, ukubambisana kwe-OEM, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kweqembu elincane ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic akhiqizwe ekhaya aqala ukwamukelwa ngezinga elikhuluezinhlelweni ezibalulekile zezimboni, okuhlanganisa:

• Izinhlelo zokujova amalahle acoliwe (PCI) ezitshalweni zensimbi
• Izinhlelo zokususa igesi yomoya (i-FGD) ezitshalweni zamandla ezisebenzisa amalahle
• Izinhlelo zokuphatha umlotha kanye nokususa uthuli (ukucubungula umlotha wezimpukane)

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokwanda kwezinkampani zaseShayina ze-EPC kanye nezobunjiniyela kwamanye amazwe, Ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic aseShayina angene ngokushesha kumaphrojekthi emazweni ahambisana ne-Belt and Road Initiative(bheka izihloko ezivelele ze-Belt and Road).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, yize ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic ayengeniswe ku- imboni yokuthuthukisa kusukela ngo-2006, kwaze kwaba ngu-2013 lapho baqala khona ukuba yamukelwa kabanzi ezitshalweni zokukhiqiza izikhuthazi ngesisekelo seqembu.

2014

I iphrojekthi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yokukhiqiza amalahle abe uketshezi (i-CTL)amavalvu ebhola le-ceramic amukelwe anenani eliphelele lenkontileka elifinyelela amashumi ezigidi ze-RMBAbaphakeli babehlanganisa Uhlelo lweCera (eJalimane)futhi Yantai Jintai Meilin.
Le phrojekthi yaba i-oda elikhulu kunawo wonke lama-valve ebhola le-ceramic emlandweni, emele izinga elingakaze libonwe embonini lobuchwepheshe be-ceramic ball valve.

2015

Ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic aqala ukuba isetshenziswa kabanzi ngezinga elikhuluezinqubweni zomkhiqizo wamakhemikhali ezifana nalezi:

• I-MDI / TDI
• I-PTA / AA
• Khonamanjalo, isidingo sanda kakhulu ezimweni zokusebenza ezazivele ngaphambilini:
• Ukususwa kwegesi yoketshezi oluthuthwayo (kusukela cishe ngo-2010)
• Izinhlelo zokumba kanye nodaka lwensimbi kanye nodaka oluvela emisileni
• Amaphrojekthi amanzi angcolile esitshalo sikagesi esingenalo uketshezi (ZLD), lapho ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic asevele ephumelele kusukela ngo-2007

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, Amavalvu ebhola le-ceramic le-Nil-Cor avela e-United Stateskubonise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezitshalweni zokuhlanza amanzi amdaka kuzo zonke izimboni—futhi kwaze kwasetshenziswa ngisho nasemkhunjini imikhumbi yasemanzini, okugqamisa ukuthembeka okukhulu kobuchwepheshe be-ceramic valve.

2016

Ngokululama kwe imakethe ye-polysilicon, ukusetshenziswa kwama-valve ebhola le-ceramic kwanda ngokushesha kusuka enkambisweni eyodwa—ukuhambisa i-silicon powder—kuya kumayunithi amaningi enqubo ebalulekile, okuhlanganisa:

• Izinhlelo zegesi zomsila zokunciphisa
• I-hydrogenation ebandayo
• Ukwelashwa okuphelele kwegesi engcolile, amanzi angcolile, kanye nezinsalela eziqinile

Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zinikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kwe- ukunciphisa izindleko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahleekukhiqizweni kwe-polysilicon.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lo nyaka uphawule ukuqala kokufakwa esikhundleni kokungenisa okukhuluama-valve ebhola le-ceramic ku imboni ye-titanium dioxide (TiO₂).

2017

Ku- imboni yamakhemikhali amalahle, izinhlelo zokusebenza zamavalvu ebhola le-ceramic zande ngale kwezinhlelo zamanzi amnyama kanye namanzi ampunga ukuze zifake:

• Amayunithi okuhlanza
• Amayunithi okubuyisa isibabule
• Izinhlelo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile

Impilo yesevisi yandiswa yaba Kude ngokuphindwe ka-6–10kunalezo zezixazululo zamavalvu zangaphambilini.
Ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic nawo aqala shintsha amavalvu ebhola lensimbi eyigugu-njenge I-Hastelloy ne-Monel—ngaphakathi Izinqubo zokukhiqiza ze-PVA / PVB.

2018

Isidingo sama-valve ebhola le-ceramic ku Amaphrojekthi e-BDOkwanda kakhulu. Abakhiqizi basekhaya nabakwamanye amazwe baqala ukubeka imikhiqizo yabo ngaphakathi kwamaphakheji enqubo anelayisensi.
(Isibonelo, ngo-2021, I-Inner Mongolia Dongjing Bio-Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.yamukelwe Amavalvu ebhola le-ceramic laseJapan iFujikinibiza izigidi eziningana zama-RMB.)

Okwamanje, amayunithi okubuyisa isibabulekokubili embonini yamakhemikhali kaphethiloli kanye namakhemikhali amalahle bangene ngokusemthethweni esigabeni ukwamukelwa kweqembu lama-valve ebhola le-ceramic.

2019 – 2021: Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamandla Amasha

Ngo-2019, i- imboni yebhethri yamandla amashayayisasebenzisa kakhulu ama-ball valve ane-PTFE kanye nama-ball valve ensimbi.
Nokho, ngo- 2021, ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic ayesethole ukuqashelwa okugcwele embonini yonkefuthi zamukelwa kabanzi ngezinga elikhulu ezicelweni ezifana nalezi:

• Ukukhishwa kwe-lithium kusuka ku-spodumene
• Ukukhishwa kwe-lithium emachibini kasawoti
• Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Ternary cathode precursor
• Ukukhiqizwa kwe-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) okwandulelayo
• Izinto ze-cathode ze-Ternary kanye ne-LFP
• Izinqubo ze-hydrometallurgical ze-nickel-cobalt

Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zivame ukufakwa izinhlelo zamapayipi ezenziwe ngobumba oluphelele, okuphawula izinga elisha lokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu yezinto ezibonakalayo.

Ukungena kuma-2020: Ama-Horizons Abanzi

Kusukela ekuqaleni Owama-2020, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwama-valve ebhola le-ceramic buqhubeke nokukhula ezimbonini eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

• Amakhemikhali e-phosphate
• Izivundiso namakhemikhali ezolimo
• Imithi
• Ukususwa kwe-flue gas kanye ne-denitrification
• Ukususwa kwe-sulfurization okusekelwe ku-ammonia
• Izinto zokubhula kanye nezinto zokugaya
• Ukwenza amaphepha
• Imikhiqizo ye-resin
• Usimende
• Imboni yamakhemikhali e-Boron

Ngaphansi kwemithethonqubo yezemvelo eqinile, amazinga igesi engcolile, amanzi angcolile, kanye nokwelashwa kwemfucuza eqinilekuyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka. Ubunzima obukhulayo bezinqubo zokwelapha “ezinemfucuza emithathu” bubeka izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokumelana nokugqwala kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwamavalvu namapayipi.

Ngenxa yabo ukumelana okungokwemvelo kokugqwala nokuklwebheka, kuhle kakhulu ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, futhi izindleko zokukhiqiza zehla kancane kancane, ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic abonisa izinzuzo ezicacile ekubhekaneni nezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi abonise amathuba esicelo esikhathi eside abanzi.

Umbono Wokuphetha

Kusukela ekuhloleni kwasekuqaleni Iminyaka yawo-1940, ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni emhlabeni jikelele Iminyaka yama-1990, futhi kuqhubeke ukusungula izinto ezintsha okuzimele kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kokungenisa kwamanye amazwe ngamabhizinisi aseShayina ekhulwini lama-21, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-valve ebhola le-ceramic kumelela ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kwe isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayofuthi ubunjiniyela bokulawula uketshezi.

Akuyona nje umlando wokuvela kwezinto zezimboni, kodwa futhi kuwukuhlonipha izizukulwane zonjiniyela abazinikele ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha kanye nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe. Namuhla, ama-valve ebhola le-ceramic asephenduke izingxenye eziyinhloko ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zezimboni ezisezingeni eliphezulu, okuqhubekayo kuqhubekisela phambili izimboni zenqubo ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kanye nentuthuko eluhlaza, ngenkathi kuvulwa izahluko ezintsha zentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuchuma kwezimboni.

Isikhathi Sezinto Ezibalulekile Ekuthuthukisweni Kwe-Ceramic Ball Valve